Shekaru 175 da kafuwar Majalisar Dokoki

Shekaru 175 da suka wuce, majalisar dokokin Frankfurt ta tsara sabon daftarin kundin tsarin mulki wanda shi ne a yau ya zama ginshikin dokokin tarayyar Jamus. 

A shekarun 1830 da 1840 an sami boren juyin juya hali a tsakanin hadakar kasashen tarayyar Jamus. Bugu da kari talakawa da matsakaita a cikin al'umma, sun nuna bukatar tafarki na mulkin dimukuradiyya da kuma samar da kasa daya dunkulalliya.

An kafa gamaiyar kasashe da ke magana da harshen Jamusanci bayan nasara kan Napoleon a shekarar 1815 a matsayin hadaka ta kanana da manyan sarakuna. Jigajigai daga cikin su sune Austria da Prussia, wato tsohuwar daular Jamus wadanda suka yi amfani da karfin mulki wajen murkushe dukkan wasu kungiyoyi na dimukuradiyya da na Liberal masu sassaucin ra'ayi.

To amma bayan juyin juya halin da ya faru a watan Maris 1848, 'yan gwagwarmayar dimukuradiyya suka cimma wata gagarumar nasara. Sun tilasta kafa gwamnatoci masu sassauci ra'ayi a daidaikun kasashe da kuma gudanar da zaben majalisar dokokin tarayya a daukacin gamaiyar kasashen da ke magana da harshen Jamusanci. Lamarin ya bada mamaki kwarai, kuma daga nan, yawancin sarakunan suka amince ba don son ransu ba,

A ranar 18 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1848, 'yan majalisar dokokin Jamus suka hallara a Frankfurt domin tattauna kundin tsarin mulkin mai ra'ayin sassauci da kuma shirin yadda za a kafa tarayyar Jamus. A bisa wannan dalili jama'a suka taru a a mujami'ar Paulskirche wadda nan ne zauren taro mafi girma a birnin a wannan zamani.

Sai dai kuma kungiyoyi da dama ra'ayoyinsu sun banbanta, masu ra'ayin rikau na kare martabar zabin kowace kasa da tsarin masarautar ta, masu sassaucin ra'ayi kuma wato 'yan Liberal sun bada shawarar a yi kasa guda bisa shugabancin sarakuna, yayin da 'yan gaba dai gaba dai suka bada shawarar kafa kasar Jamhuriya mai bin tsarin majalisar dokoki. Wadannan mabambantan ra'ayoyi suka sa samun matsaya guda ya zama mai matukar wahalar gaske.

A halin da ake ciki yanzu dai, daya daga cikin ginshikan da kundin tsarin mulkin ya kunsa, shi ne '"yancin al'umar Jamusawa" A karon farko a sanya 'yancin dan Adam da hakkokin al'umma, ciki har da 'yancin 'yan jarida da 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki da 'yancin gudanar da taruka a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin Jamus. Haka ma hukuncin kisa, an soke wannan sashe daga kundin tsarin mulkin shekaru dari bayan nan. 

Kusan shekara guda bayan rubuta kundin tsarin mulkin a 1849 aka amince da kafuwar Jamus kasa daya wadda dukka gamaiyar kasashen da ke magana da harshen Jamusanci za su kasance a cikinta a matsayin kasa daya dunkulalliya. Kuma shugaban kasar zai kasance sarkin Jamusawa. A karkashin kundin tsarin mulkin na Paulskirche, sarkin na da karfin iko mai girma. Sai dai kuma 'yan majalisar dokoki na Reichtag da aka zaba kai tsaye bisa tsari na daidaito ba tare da wani bangare ya fi wani ba, ba su amince ba.

A watan Mayun 1849 majalisar dokokin Frankfurt ta rusa kanta da kanta, sannan aka kafa wata kwarya kwaryar majalisar wucin gadi a Stuttgart wadda zamaninta bai wuce 'yan watanni ba.

A lokacin da aka rubuta kundin tsarin mulkin Weimar a 1919 an yi amfani da kundin tsarin mulkin na Frankfurt a matsayin jagora sai dai muhimmin abu shi ne, kundin tsarin mulkin Paulkirchen ba ma kawai ya kasance mai matukar muhimmanci a tarihi, a matsayin cikakken kundin tsarin mulki na Jamusawa bane kadai, an yi amfani da wasu muhimman sassa na dokokin a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kasa na 1949 ba tare da cire komai a cikinsa ba.