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教宗

罗马主教,同时为普世天主教会领袖与梵蒂冈城国元首,传统上被认为是圣伯多禄宗徒之位的后继者。

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Black smoke rises from the chimney on the roof of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican City indicating that no decision has been made after the first day of voting for the election of a new pope, March 12, 2013. Roman Catholic Cardinals started a conclave on Tuesday to elect a successor to Pope Benedict, who abdicated last month. REUTERS/Tony Gentile (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY)
Black smoke rises from the chimney on the roof of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican City indicating that no decision has been made after the first day of voting for the election of a new pope, March 12, 2013. Roman Catholic Cardinals started a conclave on Tuesday to elect a successor to Pope Benedict, who abdicated last month. REUTERS/Tony Gentile (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY)
The Sistine Chapel is seen prepared with tables where cardinals will sit when the conclave begins, in a picture released by Osservatore Romano at the Vatican March 12, 2013. Roman Catholic cardinals will start a conclave on Tuesday to elect a successor to Pope Benedict, who abdicated last month. REUTERS/ (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION POLITICS TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY) FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS.
VATICAN CITY, VATICAN - FEBRUARY 28: Pope Benedict XVI attends a meeting with his cardinals during a farewell ceremony in the Clementine Hall of the Vatican's Apostolic Palace on February 28, 2013 in Vatican City, Vatican. Pope Benedict XVI will acquire the title 'Pope Emeritus' as he retires the pontificate today, and will travel to a papal retreat at Castel Gandolfo, near Rome (Photo by L'Osservatore Romano / Vatican Pool via Getty Images)
ROME, ITALY - FEBRUARY 28: People crowd the gallery on top of St Peter's Basilica as a helicopter carrying Pope Benedict XVI passes by on its way out of Vatican City on February 28, 2013 in Rome, Italy. The Pontiff is flying to Castel Gandolfo where he will cease to be Pope at 8:00pm local time. Pope Benedict XVI has been the leader of the Catholic Church for eight years and is the first Pope to retire since 1415. He will stay at the Papal Summer residence of Castel Gandolfo until renovations are complete at a monastery in the grounds of the Vatican and will be known as Roman pontiff emeritus or pope emeritus. (Photo by Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images)
Pope Benedict XVI delivers a speech during his last weekly audience on February 27, 2013 at St Peter's square at the Vatican. Pope Benedict XVI will hold the last audience of his pontificate in St Peter's Square on Wednesday on the eve of his historic resignation as leader of the world's 1.2 billion Catholics. AFP PHOTO / GABRIEL BOUYS (Photo credit should read GABRIEL BOUYS,GABRIEL BOUYS/AFP/Getty Images)
Fotografen warten auf dem Petersplatz auf Bewegung im Apostolischen Palast. Alle Augen auf den Papst, der am 28.02.2013 sein Amt aufgibt. Die Reuters-Fotografen benutzen extralange Teleobjektive. Symbolbild Wartende Presse. *** Aufgenommen 24.02.2013 Peterplatz, Vatikan, Rom, Italien. Foto: Bernd Riegert
People are gathered in St Peter's square as Pope Benedict XVI leads his Sunday Angelus prayer at the Vatican February 17, 2013. Pope Benedict, speaking before a larger than usual crowd at his penultimate Sunday address, asked the faithful to pray for him and for the next pope. REUTERS/Tony Gentile (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION)
Vatican spokesman Rev. Federico Lombardi arrives to meet the media during a press conference, at the Vatican, Friday Feb. 15, 2013. Pope Benedict XVI has signed off on one of the last major appointments of his papacy, approving a German lawyer to head the Vatican's embattled bank. Ernst Von Freyberg has solid financial and Catholic credentials as a member of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, an ancient chivalrous order drawn from European nobility. The Vatican said Von Freyberg had been appointed by the bank's commission of cardinals and that the pope had "expressed his full consent." (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Pope Benedict XVI attends a consistory at the Vatican February 11, 2013, in this picture provided by Osservatore Romano. Pope Benedict said on Monday he will resign on Feb 28 because he no longer has the strength to fulfil the duties of his office, becoming the first pontiff since the Middle Ages to take such a step. REUTERS/Osservatore Romano (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION) / Eingestellt von wa
Pope Benedict XVI walks past the baby Jesus statue as he leads the Christmas night mass in the Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican December 24, 2012. REUTERS/Max Rossi (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION)
Pope Benedict XVI walks past the baby Jesus statue as he leads the Christmas night mass in the Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican December 24, 2012. REUTERS/Max Rossi (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION)
A Chinese priest performs mass at Beijing's northern cathedral in China Monday May 8, 2006. China's official Roman Catholic church named a new bishop _ reportedly with papal endorsement _ as Beijing rejected Vatican criticism of the unauthorized ordination of two other bishops. China's Catholics were forced to cut ties to the Vatican after the 1949 communist revolution. But the Holy See and China's church communicate informally and most Chinese bishops have received papal endorsement. (AP Photo/Elizabeth Dalziel)
eFILE - In this file photo taken Wednesday, May 2, 2012, Pope Benedict XVI arrives in St. Peter's square at the Vatican for a general audience as his butler Paolo Gabriele, bottom, and his personal secretary Georg Gaenswein sit in the car with him. A Vatican judge on Monday, Aug. 13, 2012, ordered the pope's butler and a fellow lay employee to stand trial for allegedly pilfering documents from Pope Benedict XVI's private apartment, a scandal that embarrassed the Vatican and exposed infighting and alleged corruption at the highest level. The indictment accused Paolo Gabriele, the butler arrested at the Vatican in May, of grand theft, a charge that carries one to six years in jail on conviction if the pope does not choose to pardon his once-trusted aide. (Foto:Alessandra Tarantino, File/AP/dapd)
Pope Benedict XVI prays while holding a candle light as he arrives to lead a vigil mass during Easter celebrations at St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican April 7, 2012. REUTERS/Alessandro Bianchi (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION)
Pope Benedict XVI waves as he arrives at Beirut's airport, September, 14, 2012. REUTERS/Jamal Saidi (LEBANON - Tags: RELIGION)
Pope Beneditct XVI greets the faithful during the weekly general audience in St. Peter's square at the Vatican, Wednesday, April 25, 2012. (Foto:Gregorio Borgia/AP/dapd)
The Pope's butler Paolo Gabriele (bottom) arrives with Pope Benedict XVI at St. Peter's Square in Vatican, in this May 23, 2012 file photo. Pope Benedict's former butler, who was arrested two months ago in an investigation of leaks of documents alleging corruption in the Vatican, has written to the pontiff asking for forgiveness, his lawyer said on July 24, 2012. REUTERS/Alessandro Bianchi/Files (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION CRIME LAW)
RECROPPED VERSION OF LES102 ** Pope Benedict XVI waves during the farewell ceremony at Cologne airport, western Germany, Sunday, Aug. 21, 2005. Pope Benedict XVI was on his first foreign trip as pontiff and took part in the World Youth Day 2005 in Cologne. (AP PHOTO/Eckehard Schulz)
Thueringen/ ARCHIV: Papst Benedikt XVI geht in Erfurt bei seinem Besuch im Dom St (Foto vom 23.09.11). Marien durch den Kreuzgang des Doms. Papst Benedikt XVI. wird am Montag (16.04.12) 85 Jahre alt. (zu dapd-Text) Foto: Thomas Lohnes/dapd // Eingestellt von wa
Vatican Master of Ceremonies Archbishop Piero Marini, right, speaks to his aide Monsignor Franco Camaldo, left, as Joseph Ratzinger of Germany waves from the balcony of St. Peter's Basilica at the Vatican to a cheering crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square soon after his election as Pope Benedict XVI, Tuesday, April 19, 2005. (ddp images/AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis).
Faithful gather in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican during the Easter Mass celebrated by Pope Benedict XVI, Sunday, April 8, 2012. Pope Benedict XVI celebrated Easter Sunday Mass in sun-drenched, flower-adorned St. Peter's Square, before tens of thousands of people. Easter is Christianity's most joyous day. Faithful celebrate their belief that Christ rose from the dead. At the end of Easter Mass, Benedict will go to the central balcony of the basilica to deliver a speech. Benedict, who turns 85 on April 16, was wrapping up stamina-taxing Holy Week ceremonies that drew huge crowds to Rome. (Foto:Pier Paolo Cito/AP/dapd)
Pope Benedict XVI prays while holding a candle light as he arrives to lead a vigil mass during Easter celebrations at St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican April 7, 2012. REUTERS/Alessandro Bianchi (VATICAN - Tags: RELIGION)
Pope Benedict XVI washes the feet of 12 priests in a ceremony commemorating Christ's gesture of humility toward his apostles on the night before he died, at the Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome April 5, 2012. Pope Benedict on Thursday re-stated the Roman Catholic Church's ban on women priests and warned that he would not tolerate disobedience by clerics on fundamental teachings. REUTERS/Claudio Peri/Pool (ITALY - Tags: RELIGION)
Pope Benedict XVI and the Cairman of the Council of the Evangelical Church in Germany, Nikolaus Schneider (l), speak with each other at the Protestant Monastery of St. Augustine's in Erfurt, Germany, 23 September 2011. The head of the Roman Catholic Church is visiting Germany from 22-25 September 2011. Foto: Arno Burgi dpa/lth
Pope Benedict XVI arrives to celebrate a mass at the Revolution square in Havana March 28, 2012. Pope Benedict, speaking from Cuba's biggest stage, urged Cubans on Wednesday to search for "authentic freedom" as their country changes and pressed the island's communist government to give the Catholic Church more liberties, including the right to teach religion in schools and run universities. REUTERS/Tony Gentile (CUBA - Tags: RELIGION POLITICS)